OUR SURVIVAL
HOW HAVE WE SURVIVED EXTINCTION?
Around 75,000 year ago, the 'super volcano' known as Toba, erupted, destroying a large section Sumatra, an island found in Indonesia. it has been the biggest volcanic explosion in the past 2 million years ( only known through evidence). At least 2800 cubic kilometers of volcanic material was ejected during this super- eruption, instantly destroying all present life forms. it also sent hundreds of cubic kilometers of ash and gases, such as sulphur, high into the atmosphere. the gases and ash circled the globe through air currents, because of this a widespread global climate change occurs. this critically influenced the natural aspects of the world, an ice age occurred and this caused a massive decrease in the number of individuals, further causing a bottleneck effect. Many species have been thought to have been wiped out during this period, a suspected 2,000 individuals left after the disaster, this then resulted in a low diversity within the population of individuals. Any mutations would of been spread rapidly throughout any living species and will cause changes in the population and rapid speciation, with possible new species arising such as Homo sapiens.
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Figure 3.1: Indonesia's Lake Toba, Super Volcano
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HOW HAVE WE ADAPTED?
We have adapted and evolved in so many ways, and if what we know now could help avoid other Homo genus from becoming extinct, what exactly would that be?
Adaptations
Cultural symbolically structured, embodied notions and memories about society, landscape, and time.
Sharing of information and opinions, including social judgments.
Joint attention soliciting, giving and monitoring behaviors.
Tool making and tool use for extraction, transportation, and processing of resources.
Transfers of high quality food resources to juvenile offspring.
Cultural symbolically structured, embodied notions and memories about society, landscape, and time.
Sharing of information and opinions, including social judgments.
Joint attention soliciting, giving and monitoring behaviors.
Tool making and tool use for extraction, transportation, and processing of resources.
Transfers of high quality food resources to juvenile offspring.
Climate/Climate change- the change in climate could have caused a loss in vegetation which could of impacted the ability for Homo Genus to find enough food for them to survive,
Mutations- Many mutations would of occurred during the time of Homo Genus, as they didnt have access to medications or vaccinations they were not be able to fight any type of disease, illness or injury,
Genetic diversity- genetic diversity is a variation in genetic characteristics, if a community had been split up by a natural disaster ( earthquake that split the ground, which can create random mountains, bush fire or tsunami ) this can cause a split of mating partners, once partners are split up they must repopulate with the group they are left with, this can cause genetic diversity.
Mutations- Many mutations would of occurred during the time of Homo Genus, as they didnt have access to medications or vaccinations they were not be able to fight any type of disease, illness or injury,
Genetic diversity- genetic diversity is a variation in genetic characteristics, if a community had been split up by a natural disaster ( earthquake that split the ground, which can create random mountains, bush fire or tsunami ) this can cause a split of mating partners, once partners are split up they must repopulate with the group they are left with, this can cause genetic diversity.
Figure 3.4: Tanzania is one of the many places were Homo Habilis fossils were found.
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Figure 3.5: Kenya is one of the many places were Australopithecus Anamensis fossils where found.
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